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NT4: A formal process is developed to list threatened species, management plans are in place to...

The number of species listed by the IUCN as vulnerable or worse now exceeds 420,000 species, most of which have declined as a result of human activities. The global decrease in the populations of threatened species also results in a decline of...

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NT7: Pollution

Pollution refers to contaminants of various kinds that are introduced into the environment, resulting in instability or harm to an ecosystem, including to biodiversity and human health.  Globally, pollution from nutrients, such as nitrogen and...

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NT8: Climate Change

Climate change is producing effects on all ecosystems through many different mechanisms, including warming, alteration of rainfall patterns, ocean acidification, and sea level rise, among others.  Parties to the UNFCCC have made commitments to and...