11.2 IUCN governance categories and management categories are recognized in policy and practice.

A key step for establishing an ecologically representative, effectively and equitably managed PA system is the adoption of management models that can recognize sustainable use and recognize co-management and community management. The IUCN PA management categories and governance types provide a framework for diversifying management options that can be adapted to local contexts. The Protection of Wildlife and Protected Areas Rules (2002) only recognizes one management type (IUCN Category l), and one governance type (management by government). Amending the Protected Area Law or Rules, or revising the relevant instructions, would provide the legal basis for these changes. Recognizing co-management, community conserved areas, and sustainable use will require revisions and modifications of both policy and practice.